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Rome: It has been described as a global crisis pushing 100 million people into hunger, threatening to stoke social and political turmoil and set the fight against world poverty back by seven years.
Now, the food price crisis will be tackled by world leaders who meet in Rome this week to seek ways to reduce the suffering of the world's poorest people and ensure the Earth can produce more food to sustain an ever growing population.
"It's time for action," said Jacques Diouf, the head of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) who called the summit late last year before the full extent of the food price crisis was clear.
World Bank President Robert Zoellick underlined the urgency of the problem, announcing $1.2 billion in loans and grant financing for countries struggling with food and fuel costs.
"It is crucial that we focus on specific action," he said. "This is not an issue like HIV/AIDS where you need some research breakthrough. People know what to do."
A combination of factors, including poor harvests, low stocks and rising demand, have collided over the last one to two years to cause massive, sudden rises in many food commodity prices which very few people saw coming.
Food prices will remain high over the next decade even if they fall from current records, the FAO said in a report. Diouf said he expected some 40 heads of state or government at the meeting on Tuesday to Thursday this week.
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, who has set up his own task force, will attend, as will the leaders of France, Spain, Japan, Brazil, Argentina and some African nations.
Iran's Mahmoud Ahmadinejad is also expected for his first trip to Western Europe as president and first major appearance in the West since addressing the UN in New York last year.
Delegates from 151 countries can be expected to make statements on beating poverty, but the talks may reveal divisions on several underlying food and hunger-related issues: free trade, biofuels and genetically modified organisms.
"World problems are much more complex than saying something is bad and something is good," Diouf said when asked whether he expected the summit to criticise the rise of bio-fuels - usually energy made from foodstuffs - in the United States and Europe for contributing to food price spikes. "What is sure is that diverting around 100 million tonnes of cereals to biofuel has had an impact on food prices," he added.
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